Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Line the cupcake pans with paper liners to prepare for baking.
In a medium-sized bowl, whisk together the cake flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, and lemon zest. This blending of dry ingredients is essential to evenly disperse the leavening agents and zest. Set the mixture aside.
In a separate bowl, combine the buttermilk, oil, lemon juice, and lemon extract, stirring lightly to blend. Set aside this mixture for later use.
Using a stand or hand mixer, beat the softened butter on medium speed until it reaches a smooth and creamy consistency. Gradually add the sugar, continuing to mix for 3 to 5 minutes. The mixture should appear light and fluffy, signaling that the butter and sugar are well aerated.
Add the eggs one at a time, mixing thoroughly after each addition until each yolk has fully incorporated into the batter.
With the mixer on low, add the flour mixture and buttermilk mixture in alternating steps. Begin and end with the dry ingredients, adding the dry mixture in three portions and the liquid mixture in two. Be careful not to over-mix to ensure tender cupcakes.
Spoon approximately ¼ cup of batter into each lined cupcake cavity.
Bake in the preheated oven for 15-18 minutes or until a toothpick inserted into the center of a cupcake comes out clean, with only a few moist crumbs attached. Begin checking for doneness around the 15-minute mark to prevent over-baking. Once baked, remove cupcakes from the pan immediately and place on a wire rack to cool.
Makes about 32 cupcakes.