Start by preheating your oven to 325°F (163°C). Prepare three 8-inch cake pans by greasing them thoroughly, dusting with flour, and lining the bottom with parchment or wax paper for easy release.
In a medium bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Whisk these ingredients together for about 30 seconds to ensure everything is evenly distributed. Set this dry mixture aside for later use.
Next, grab another bowl for the wet ingredients. Pour in the buttermilk, vegetable oil, lemon zest, and lemon extract. Give it a good stir and set it aside.
In the bowl of your stand mixer, beat the butter and softened cream cheese on medium speed until it’s smooth and creamy. Gradually add the sugar while continuing to mix for 2-3 minutes.
Begin adding the eggs, one at a time, allowing each to fully incorporate before adding the next. Mix until the yolks are no longer visible.
Reduce the mixer speed to low. Alternately add the dry ingredients and the buttermilk mixture, starting and ending with the dry ingredients. Be sure to scrape the sides of the bowl as needed. Mix just until everything is combined, being careful not to overmix.