Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease two 9-inch round cake pans, line the bottoms with parchment rounds, then butter and flour the pans. In a large bowl, cream together the softened butter and sugar on medium-high speed until light and fluffy, about 3 minutes. Add the eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition. In a separate bowl, combine the cocoa powder, red food coloring, and vanilla extract to create a thick paste. Add this mixture to the batter, beating until fully incorporated and scraping down the bowl as needed. Lower the mixer speed and alternate adding the buttermilk and flour in two additions each, beginning and ending with flour. Mix until smooth. Add salt, baking soda, and vinegar, then increase to high speed and beat until the batter is fully combined and smooth. Divide the batter evenly between the two prepared pans and bake for 30 minutes, or until a knife or skewer inserted into the center comes out clean. Allow the cakes to cool in the pans for 10 minutes, then turn them out onto a wire rack to cool completely.